A total of 214 measures were identified in 2022, applied by the following countries: China (27), Ukraine (26), USA (26), European Union (25), Turkey (14), Indonesia (13), Brazil (11), Algeria ( 7), Morocco (6), Vietnam (6), Egypt (6), India (6), UK (5), Japan (5), as well as Australia, Israel, Iran, Canada, Republic of Korea, Malaysia, Madagascar, Mexico, Mongolia, United Arab Emirates, Pakistan, Peru, Singapore, Thailand, Tunisia, and Uzbekistan.
The following can be noted among the restrictions applied: anti-dumping measures (64), technical barriers to trade (36), safeguard measures (32), sanitary and phytosanitary measures (31), quantitative import restrictions (6), and others.