He was born on June 26, 1977 in Lepel, Vitebsk Region (the Republic of Belarus).
He graduated from the Polotsk State University and the Academy of Public Administration under the President of the Republic of Belarus.
In 1999, he served as State Tax Inspector at Inspectorate No. 2 of the State Tax Committee for the Frunzensky District of Minsk.
From July 1999 to 2002, he held various positions in the State Tax Committee of Belarus (now the Ministry of Taxes and Duties).
From 2002 to 2011, he held various positions in the Ministry of Finance of the Republic of Belarus. He held the positions of Consultant at the Department of Fiscal Revenue Analysis and Planning, Deputy Head of the Department — Head of the Fiscal Revenue Planning and Accounting Section of the Main Directorate of Fiscal Policy and Fiscal Revenues, Head of the Main Directorate of Budget Policy.
In 2011-2014, he was Deputy Minister of Finance of the Republic of Belarus.
In 2014-2018, he was First Deputy Minister of Finance of the Republic of Belarus.
On August 31, 2018, he was appointed Minister of Finance of the Republic of Belarus.
On July 20, 2020 he was appointed Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of the Republic of Belarus to the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of the Republic of Belarus to Ireland on a concurrent basis.
Since August 1, 2022, he is Deputy Head of the Administration of the President of the Republic of Belarus.
On February 1, 2024, Maksim Ermolovich was appointed EEC Minister in charge of Competition and Antitrust Regulation.